2026-04-26T12:46:22Z https://jpmipa.fkip.unila.ac.id/index.php/jpmipa/oai

oai:ojs.jpmipa.fkip.unila.ac.id:article/1242 2026-04-11T07:34:39Z jpmipa:ART

Enhancing High School Spectroscopy Education: The Efficacy of a Virtual Reality Laboratory for Hydrogen Emission Experiments Sari, Melani Putria Dewi Bancong, Hartono Rahmawati, Rahmawati Physics Education diffraction grating simulation; hydrogen emission spectrum; physics education; spectroscopy experiment; virtual reality laboratory Many high schools struggle to conduct a hydrogen emission spectrum experiment because they lack sufficient, up-to-date, and easy-to-use optical equipment. As a result, students often miss opportunities to observe diffraction patterns and to connect their analyses to atomic transitions. This study developed a virtual-reality-based laboratory for a hydrogen emission spectrum experiment to measure the spectrum across different diffraction orders and to improve students' learning outcomes. The ADDIE framework was used for the research and development process. It included analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Four physics teachers were interviewed to identify classroom problems and users' needs. The virtual reality-based laboratory made a hydrogen light source, a spectrometer, and a diffraction grating that users could interact with to align and measure angles for data collection. Three experts used a Likert-scale tool to rate its validity with respect to scientific accuracy, instructional design, and ease of use. Used Aiken's V to check for validity. The simulations showed that the diffraction patterns were always the same. The average angle changed from violet to red, and the second-order angle was always higher than the first-order angle for the same color. The first- and second-order wavelength estimates were very close to each other (3.80×10⁻⁷–6.20×10⁻⁷ m), and 97–98% of the colors measured were the same in all orders. The values we found for the constants were very close to the known values (Rydberg constant 1.096×10⁷ m⁻¹, error 0.09%; Planck constant 6.663×10⁻³⁴ J s, error 0.56%). Validator coefficients (0.80–0.90) helped improve things, such as a phased rollout, a zoomable angular scale, feedback on alignment, and smoother interactions with the controller. The learning outcomes improvement, measured using the normalized gain index (N-Gain), was N-Gain = 0.83 (83.11%). This shows that the development of media has improved students' learning outcomes. Virtual reality laboratories are more accessible and help students learn more about spectroscopy. Keywords: diffraction grating simulation; hydrogen emission spectrum; physics education; spectroscopy experiment; virtual reality laboratory. FKIP Universitas Lampung 2026-04-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Peer-reviewed Article application/pdf https://jpmipa.fkip.unila.ac.id/index.php/jpmipa/article/view/1242 10.23960/jpmipa.v27i1.pp587-609 Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA; Vol 27, No 1 (2026): Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA; 587-609 2685-5488 1411-2531 eng https://jpmipa.fkip.unila.ac.id/index.php/jpmipa/article/view/1242/673 https://jpmipa.fkip.unila.ac.id/index.php/jpmipa/article/downloadSuppFile/1242/418 Copyright (c) 2026 Melani Putria Dewi Sari, Hartono Bancong, Rahmawati Rahmawati https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0