Permaculture Gamification as Innovative Learning Strategy to Enhance Students’ Collaboration Competency

Rahmat Baharuddin(1), Saefudin Saefudin(2,Mail), Kusnadi Kusnadi(3), Najira Najira(4), Zuliande Zidan(5) | CountryCountry:


(1) Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia
(2) Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia
(3) Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia
(4) Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia
(5) Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Indonesia

MailCorresponding Author

DOI 10.23960/jpmipa.v26i1.pp673-687
Metrics→
              
Indexing Site→


Download Full Text: PDF

Copyright (c) 2025 Rahmat Baharuddin, Saefudin Saefudin, Kusnadi Kusnadi, Najira Najira, Zuliande Zidan


Collaboration is a core competency to promote effective teamwork and prepare students for success in both academic and professional environments. Permaculture gamification learning has the potential to enhance students' collaboration competency. Permaculture is an artificial ecosystem that encourages sustainable agricultural practices. There is a noticeable gap in the literature on integrating gamification into permaculture learning to improve students' collaboration skills. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the students’ collaboration competency improvement through the application of permaculture gamification as a learning strategy on ecosystem topics. This study used a quantitative research method with nonequivalent (pretest and posttest) control-group design. There are experimental group and control group, both groups take a pretest and posttest but only experimental group receives the treatment. The sample in this study consisted of 50 students from one high school in the city of Bandung. The students in the control group followed the regular learning process in the classroom. Meanwhile, the students in the experimental group followed the permaculture gamification learning. The instruments used in this study were collaboration assessment tools, including self-assessment, peer assessment, and observation rubric. Statistical t-test applied to analyze di difference on students collaboration competency outcomes after treatment. The N-Gain value was calculated to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment to improve students’ collaboration competency. The t-test results showed that there is a significant difference in students’ collaboration competency between the two groups (p = 0.04). Permaculture gamification learning significantly improved students’s collaboration competency (p < 0.05). Based on the N-Gain value, permaculture gamification learning has a higher impact on students’ collaboration competency (N-Gain = 0.56) compared to the regular learning strategy (N-Gain = 0.40). It can be concluded that permaculture gamification learning can effectively improve students’ collaboration competency.     

 

Keywords: permaculture gamification, collaboration competency, ecosystem.

Abd Rahim, S., Mokhtar, S., Othman, I. W., Esa, M. S., & Ationg, R. (2023). Students’ experiences on leadership and motivation in group works. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 8 (50), 291-297. 10.35631/IJEPC.850021

Adipat, S., Laksana, K., Busayanon, K., Asawasowan, A., & Adipat, B. (2021). Engaging students in the learning process with game-based learning: The fundamental concepts. International Journal of Technology in Education (IJTE), 4(3), 542-552. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijte.169

Aggrawal, S., & Boowuo, H. (2023). Enhancing teamwork through games: a systematic literature review. In 2023 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE) (pp. 1-9). IEEE. 10.1109/FIE58773.2023.10343284

Akhavan Tabassi, A., Bryde, D. J., Michaelides, R., Bamford, D., & Argyropoulou, M. (2024). Leaders, conflict, and team coordination: a relational leadership approach in temporary organisations. Production Planning & Control, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2024.2313518

Alakendu, P. R., Afiya, R. S., Senthilkumar, S., & Manivannan, S. (2024). Permaculture: a sustainable farming approach for modern era. Haya Saudi J Life Sci, 9(7), 305-312. https://doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i07.009

Atoulloh, A., Fitriani, A., & Daryono, R. W. (2024). Exploring the influence of game-based learning and school environment on learning achievement: does the mediation of self-intention matter?. IJORER: International Journal of Recent Educational Research, 5(3), 623-638. https://doi.org/10.46245/ijorer.v5i3.597

Aufa, M. N., Hadi, S., Hasbie, M., Fitri, M., & Saputra, M. A. (2021). Profile of students’ critical thinking, creativity, and collaboration skills on environmental pollution material. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1760, No. 1, p. 012027). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1760/1/012027

Avoyan, A., He, H., & Lu, K. (2023). Teamwork under time constraints. Available at SSRN 4111221. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4111221

Ayotte-Beaudet, J. P., Hasni, A., Vinuesa, V., Rodrigue-Poulin, É., Quintela Do Carmo, G., Beaudry, M. C., … Paquette, A. (2024). Impact of outdoor place-based learning on elementary school students’ ability to make unsolicited observations about living organisms over time. Journal of Biological Education, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/00219266.2024.2332741

Barker Scott, B. A., & Manning, M. R. (2024). Designing the collaborative organization: A framework for how collaborative work, relationships, and behaviors generate collaborative capacity. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 60(1), 149-193. https://doi.org/10.1177/00218863221106245

Bowser, G., Ho, S. S., Ziebell, A., & Lazendic-Galloway, J. (2024). Networking and collaborating: the role of partnerships across sectors to achieve educational goals in sustainability. Sustainable Earth Reviews, 7(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42055-024-00080-z

Capatina, A., Juarez-Varon, D., Micu, A., & Micu, A. E. (2024). Leveling up in corporate training: Unveiling the power of gamification to enhance knowledge retention, knowledge sharing, and job performance. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 9(3), 100530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2024.100530

Chen, Z. (2023). The influence of school’s reward systems on students’ development. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, 8, 1822-1827. 10.54097/ehss.v8i.4591

Dietrichson, J., Gudmundsson, J., & Jochem, T. (2022). Why don’t we talk about it? Communication and coordination in teams. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 197, 257-278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2022.02.018

Fang, D., & Maglio, S. J. (2024). On time or on thin ice: How deadline violations negatively affect perceived work quality and worker evaluations. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 185, 104365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2024.104365

Fung, D. (2022). Achieving individual and collaborative success: An investigation of guided group work and teacher participation in junior secondary science classrooms. International Journal of Educational Research, 111, 101908. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2021.101908

Georgopoulou, M.-S. (2024). The Power of Synergy: Unlocking the Potential of Group Dynamics Through Team-Building Practices in Junior High School. European Journal of Education and Pedagogy, 5(2), 12–21. https://doi.org/10.24018/ejedu.2024.5.2.803

Hairida, H., Marmawi, M., & Kartono, K. (2021). An analysis of students’ collaboration skills in science learning through inquiry and project-based learning. Tadris: Jurnal Keguruan dan Ilmu Tarbiyah, 6(2), 219-228. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/tadris.v6i2.9320

Hake, R. R. (1999). Analyzing Change/Gain Scores. AREA-D American Education Research Association’s Devision. D. Measurement and Research Methodology, 1(4), 48-56.

Hancock, A. J., Gellatly, I. R., Walsh, Megan. M., Arnold, K. A., & Connelly, C. E. (2021). Good, bad, and ugly leadership patterns: implications for followers’ work-related and context-free outcomes. Journal of Management, 49(2), 640-676. https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063211050391

Hastika, A. D., Saefudin, & Supriatno, B. (2024). Exploring students’ perceptions of outdoor biology learning activities in botanical garden. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(5), 2379–2387. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v10i5.6718

Hussain, M. A., Rafaqat, A., & Hussain, S. (2023). Impact of reward system on students’ motivation and academic performance: a study of secondary schools. Propel Journal of Academic Research, 3(1), 252-279. https://doi.org/10.55464/pjar.v3i1.44

Jääskä, E., Lehtinen, J., Kujala, J., & Kauppila, O. (2022). Game-based learning and students’ motivation in project management education. Project Leadership and Society, 3, 100055. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plas.2022.100055

Khon, P. (2024), "Group Activities and Collaborative Learning: Fostering Effective Team Leadership", Elevating Leadership, Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 59-73. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83549-564-320241005

Kloppenburg, W., Nurlatifah, E., Spijkerboer, C., & Yasmin, F. A. (2018). Reducing free riding behaviour in collaborative work with computer supported tools. Jurnal Online Informatika, 3(1), 36-43. https://doi.org/10.15575/join.v3i1.180

Laar, E. Van, Deursen, A. J. A. M. Van, Dijk, J. A. G. M. Van, & Haan, J. De. (2020). Determinants of 21st-Century skills and 21st-century digital skills for workers: a systematic literature review. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019900176

Li, J., Niu, J., Huang, T., & Mak, C. M. (2022). Dynamic effects of frequent step changes in outdoor microclimate environments on thermal sensation and dissatisfaction of pedestrian during summer. Sustainable Cities and Society, 79, 103670. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2022.103670

Mariani, L., Trivellato, B., Martini, M., & Marafioti, E. (2022). Achieving sustainable development goals through collaborative innovation: Evidence from four European initiatives. Journal of Business Ethics, 180(4), 1075-1095. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-022-05193-z

Martín-Hernández, P., Gil-Lacruz, M., Gil-Lacruz, A. I., Azkue-Beteta, J. L., Lira, E. M., & Cantarero, L. (2021). Fostering university students’ engagement in teamwork and innovation behaviors through game-based learning (GBL). Sustainability, 13(24), 13573. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413573

Masek, A., Ismail, A., Hashim, S., & Mohd, S. F. (2021). Defining students’ active participation in a group discussion session from different perspectives. Academia, (23-24), 67-84. https://doi.org/10.26220/aca.3599

Muti'ah, U. N., Retnawati, H., Senen, A., & Kassymova, G. K. (2021). Teaching collaborations in elementary schools: Teachers' understanding, strategies, and obstacles. Al Ibtida: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru MI, 8(1), 1-15. https://syekhnurjati.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/ibtida/article/view/7519

Najira, N., Saefudin, S., Rahman, T., Baharuddin, R., & Zidan, Z. (2025). Integrating of permaculture system with eco-gamification systems in biodiversity learning to promote SDG-12. BIO-INOVED: Jurnal Biologi-Inovasi Pendidikan, 7(1), 133-144. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/bino.v7i1.21321

Nyahuye, T., & Steyn, A. A. (2022). Gamification to increase undergraduate students’ teamwork skills. In: Barnett, R.J., le Roux, D.B., Parry, D.A., Watson, B.W. (eds) ICT Education. SACLA 2022. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1664. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21076-1_7

Omarov, N., Omarov, B., Azhibekova, Z., & Omarov, B. (2024). Applying an augmented reality game-based learning environment in physical education classes to enhance sports motivation. Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación, (60), 269-278. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.109170

Omodan, B. I., & Skosana, C. (2023). Addressing potential conflict among university students during collaborative tasks. Education Sciences, 13(12), 1245. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13121245

Ozturk, S., & Forsythe, M. E. (2024). Introducing preservice elementary teachers to permaculture education. Journal of Agricultural Education, 65(2). https://doi.org/10.5032/jae.v65i2.2459

Panjaitan, M. A., & Dasari, D. (2024). The impact of high school students’ enthusiasm for game-based learning (GBL) on their enthusiasm for mathematics learning. Jurnal Gantang, 9(2), 147-154. https://doi.org/10.31629/jg.v9i2.6923

Perets, S., Davidovich, N., & Lewin, E. (2023). Perceptions of leadership, self-confidence and leadership programs among teenage girls in Israel. Cogent Education, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2195742

Putri, A. A. F., Putri, A. F., Andriningrum, H., Rofiah, S. K., & Gunawan, I. (2019, December). Teacher function in class: A literature review. In 5th international conference on education and technology (ICET 2019) (pp. 5-9). Atlantis Press. 10.2991/icet-19.2019.2

Prasetiyo, R., Yunarta, A., & Andrianto, J. R. (2023). Outdoor games activities model to improve students' basic movement and creative thinking skills. Bravo's: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Jasmani dan Kesehatan, 11(4), 452-459. https://doi.org/10.32682/bravos.v11i4.3432

Priyambodo, P., & Wilujeng, I. (2023). Phenomenological studies: strategies for improving indonesian pre-service teacher collaboration skills. Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction, 13(3), 350-361. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1387941

Raynolds, M. (2022). Permaculture and sustainable educational systems. Holistic Education Review, 2(2). https://her.journals.publicknowledgeproject.org/ index.php/her/article/view/2285

Riaz, M., & Din, M. (2023). Collaboration as 21st century learning skill at undergraduate level. sjesr, 6(1), 93-99. https://doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol6-iss1-2023(93-99)

Rieckmann, M. (2017). Education for sustainable development goals: Learning objectives. UNESCO publishing.

Rodriguez-Salvador, M., & Castillo-Valdez, P. F. (2023). Promoting collaborative learning in students soon to graduate through a teaching–learning model. Education Sciences, 13(10), 995. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13100995

Salcinovic, B., Drew, M., Dijkstra, P., Waddington, G., & Serpell, B. G. (2022). Factors influencing team performance: what can support teams in high-performance sport learn from other industries? A systematic scoping review. Sports Medicine-Open, 8(1), 25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-021-00406-7

Salmons, J. (2019). Learning to collaborate, collaborating to learn: engaging students in the classroom and online (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/ 9781003445708

Scheel, T. E., Otto, K., Vahle-Hinz, T., Holstad, T., & Rigotti, T. (2019). A fair share of work: Is fairness of task distribution a mediator between transformational leadership and follower emotional exhaustion?. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2690. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02690

Scoular, C., Duckworth, D., Heard, J., & Ramalingam, D. (2020) Collaboration: Skill development framework. australia: australian council for educational research.

Sirait, J. V., & Amnie, E. (2023). Analysis of students’ collaboration skills through project-based learning model. Gagasan Pendidikan Indonesia, 4(1), 43-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30870/gpi.v4i1.19836

Stehle, S. M., & Peters-burton, E. E. (2019). Developing student 21st century skills in selected exemplary inclusive STEM High Schools. International Journal of STEM Education, 6(39), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-019-0192-1

Sun, Z., & Theussen, A. (2023). Assessing negotiation skill and its development in an online collaborative simulation game: A social network analysis study. British Journal of Educational Technology, 54(1), 222–246. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13263

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). (2017). Education for sustainable development goals: Learning objectives. https://doi.org/10.54675/CGBA9153

Van der Meulen, A., & Aivaloglou, E. (2021, May). Who does what? Work division and allocation strategies of computer science student teams. In 2021 IEEE/ACM 43rd International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering Education and Training (ICSE-SEET) (pp. 273-282). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2103.09048

Wang, L. (2021). A longitudinal study on activation to behaviors of reward. In 2021 International Conference on Public Relations and Social Sciences (ICPRSS 2021) (pp. 732-736). Atlantis Press. 10.2991/assehr.k.211020.248

Yu, H., & Cardoso-Leite, P. (2023). Video games to study and improve collaboration skills. In Companion Proceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play (pp. 149-154). https://doi.org/10.1145/3573382.3616091

Zamiri, M., & Esmaeili, A. (2024). Strategies, methods, and supports for developing skills within learning communities: a systematic review of the literature. Administrative Sciences, 14(9), 231. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci14090231

Zhang, R., Shi, J., & Zhang, J. (2023). Research on the quality of collaboration in project-based learning based on group awareness. Sustainability, 15(15), 11901. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511901

Zidan, Z., Saefudin, S., Kusnadi, K., & Hastika, A. D. (2024). Using gamification-based program to increase student creativity skills in sustainable development topics. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 10(5), 2603-2611. 10.29303/jppipa.v10i5.6737


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.